Liquid%2525252525252525252525252520paraffin

# Liquid Paraffin (Mineral Oil) ## Overview Liquid paraffin is a highly refined mineral oil used as a lubricant laxative. It is indigestible and works by coating the stool with a water-immiscible film, which prevents excessive water absorption by the colon and eases defecation. ## Primary Indications * Short-term management of constipation. * Evacuation of the bowel in cases where straining must be avoided (e.g., post-rectal surgery, hemorrhoids, or hernia). ## Adult Dosing * **Oral:** 15–30 mL once daily (preferably at night) or in divided doses. Do not exceed 45 mL in 24 hours. Dosage should be titrated to effect; lowest effective dose is preferred. ## Pediatric Dosing * **Children 6–12 years:** 5–15 mL once daily. * **Children < 6 years:** Not recommended. * *Note: Consult local institutional protocols regarding specific age-based weight calculations and duration of use.* ## Dose Adjustments * **Renal/Hepatic Impairment:** No specific adjustments, but use extreme caution in elderly or frail patients due to aspiration risks. ## Contraindications * **Dysphagia:** Significant risk of lipid pneumonia if aspirated. * **Gastrointestinal Obstruction:** Suspected or confirmed bowel obstruction or paralytic ileus. * **Acute Abdominal Pain:** Undiagnosed abdominal pain, nausea, or vomiting. * **Bedridden Patients:** Increased risk of lipoid pneumonia. * **Pregnancy:** Generally avoided due to potential reduction in absorption of fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E, K). ## Adverse Effects * **Common:** Anal leakage (seepage) causing pruritus ani or soiling of underwear. * **Serious:** Lipoid pneumonia (if aspirated), malabsorption of fat-soluble vitamins with chronic use, granulomatous reactions in the intestinal mucosa or mesenteric lymph nodes (paraffinoma). ## Key Drug Interactions * **Fat-Soluble Vitamins:** Chronic use may reduce the absorption of Vitamins A, D, E, and K. * **Oral Contraceptives:** Potential for reduced absorption. * **Stool Softeners (e.g., Docusate):** Concomitant use is contraindicated as it may increase systemic absorption of the paraffin. ## Monitoring * Monitor stool frequency and consistency. * Assess for signs of nutritional deficiency (fat-soluble vitamins). * Assess for pulmonary symptoms (cough, dyspnea) suggesting accidental aspiration. ## Clinical Pearls * **Aspiration Risk:** Never administer liquid paraffin to patients in a recumbent position or those with swallowing difficulties. * **Chronic Use:** Avoid chronic, long-term use. It is intended for short-term relief only; reliance can lead to dependency and "lazy bowel" syndrome. * **Administration:** May be mixed with milk or fruit juice to improve palatability; administer away from meals to minimize interference with nutrient absorption. *** *Disclaimer: This information is for educational purposes only. Liquid paraffin clinical practice varies by region and institution. Always verify dosages, contraindications, and compatibility with local hospital guidelines and the most current manufacturer prescribing information before administration.*