Liquid%252525252520paraffin

# Liquid Paraffin (Mineral Oil) ## Overview Liquid paraffin is a highly refined mineral oil that acts as a lubricant laxative. It is indigestible, non-absorbable, and works by coating the stool and intestinal mucosa to reduce water absorption and facilitate passage. ## Primary Indications * Short-term relief of occasional constipation. * Management of fecal impaction or chronic constipation (often as a secondary agent). ## Adult Dosing * **Oral:** 15–45 mL daily, taken as a single dose or in divided doses. * **Max:** Do not exceed 45 mL/day due to risks of aspiration. * *Note: Dosing should occur at least 2 hours before bedtime to avoid aspiration.* ## Pediatric Dosing * **Children 6–12 years:** 5–20 mL daily, usually administered in divided doses. * **Children < 6 years:** Not recommended without expert specialty guidance. * *Note: Use extreme caution in children due to the high risk of lipoid pneumonia if aspirated.* ## Dose Adjustments * **Renal/Hepatic:** No specific adjustments, but use with caution in debilitated or elderly patients with swallowing difficulties. ## Contraindications * **Hypersensitivity:** Known allergy to mineral oil. * **GI Obstruction/Perforation:** Appendicitis, nausea, vomiting, or undiagnosed abdominal pain. * **Aspiration Risk:** Patients with dysphagia, neurologic impairment, or restricted mobility. * **Pregnancy/Lactation:** Generally discouraged due to potential interference with absorption of fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E, K). ## Adverse Effects * **Common:** Anal leakage (seepage), pruritus ani, and flatulence. * **Serious:** Lipoid pneumonia (arising from accidental aspiration), which may be fatal. Chronic or excessive use may lead to malabsorption of fat-soluble vitamins. ## Key Drug Interactions * **Fat-soluble Vitamins (A, D, E, K):** Long-term use can reduce absorption. * **Oral Contraceptives:** Potential for reduced efficacy due to accelerated GI transit. * **Docusate:** Combined use is strictly contraindicated as docusate may increase the bioavailability of mineral oil, leading to systemic absorption and potentially dangerous tissue reaction (lipogranulomas). ## Monitoring * Monitor for signs of aspiration. * Assess frequency and consistency of bowel movements. * Evaluate skin integrity in the perianal area for irritation. ## Clinical Pearls * **Aspiration Risk:** Liquid paraffin should never be taken while lying down. It is strictly contraindicated in patients who are prone to regurgitation. * **Lubricant effect:** It is not a stimulant; effects are generally observed within 6–8 hours. * **Nutritional Impact:** Reserve for short-term use only; chronic use can cause vitamin deficiencies. * **Storage:** Keep away from fire/heat sources, though the primary danger remains clinical aspiration. *** **Educational Disclaimer:** This information is for educational purposes only. Always consult current institutional protocols and the official product monograph prior to prescribing or administering medication. Dosage and practice guidelines may vary by region.