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# Diloxanide furoate
## Overview
Diloxanide furoate is an amoebicide effective against *Entamoeba histolytica* in the luminal and cyst stages.
## Primary Indications
* Treatment of asymptomatic intestinal amebiasis (luminal amebiasis).
* Amoebic dysentery (in combination with invasive amoebicides like metronidazole if invasive disease is suspected or confirmed).
## Adult Dosing
* **Asymptomatic intestinal amebiasis:** 500 mg orally three times daily for 10 days.
## Pediatric Dosing
* **Asymptomatic intestinal amebiasis:** 15-20 mg/kg/day orally, divided into three doses, for 10 days. Maximum daily dose is generally considered 500 mg.
* Example: For a 20 kg child, the dose would be approximately 300-400 mg/day in three divided doses.
## Dose Adjustments
No specific dose adjustments are typically required for renal or hepatic impairment.
## Contraindications
* Known hypersensitivity to diloxanide furoate.
* Generally not recommended for acute fulminant amebic dysentery or amebic abscesses, as it lacks significant activity against invasive forms of *E. histolytica*.
## Adverse Effects
* **Common:** Nausea, vomiting, abdominal cramps, diarrhea, itching, urticaria.
* **Less Common:** Headache, dizziness, flatulence.
## Key Drug Interactions
No significant drug interactions are commonly reported.
## Monitoring
* Monitor for resolution of symptoms and potential side effects.
* Stool examination may be recommended to confirm clearance of *E. histolytica* cysts, particularly in endemic areas or if symptoms persist.
## Clinical Pearls
* Diloxanide furoate is primarily used for luminal amebiasis, meaning it acts within the intestine. It is less effective for invasive amebiasis where the organism has penetrated the intestinal wall or entered the bloodstream.
* For invasive amebiasis or suspected amoebic dysentery, combination therapy with an invasive amoebicide such as metronidazole is recommended.
* Ensure adequate hydration, especially if diarrhea or vomiting occurs.
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**Disclaimer:** This information is intended for clinical professionals and is not a substitute for current, official prescribing information. Always verify the most up-to-date drug information with the manufacturer's package insert or other reliable resources before making clinical decisions.
